@article {47123,
	title = {Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology for isoprenoid production in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae},
	journal = {Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology},
	volume = {105},
	year = {2021},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {457-475},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {<p>Isoprenoids, often called terpenoids, are the most abundant and highly diverse family of natural organic compounds. In plants, they play a distinct role in the form of photosynthetic pigments, hormones, electron carrier, structural components of membrane, and defence. Many isoprenoids have useful applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and chemical industries. They are synthesized by various isoprenoid synthase enzymes by several consecutive steps. Recent advancement in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology has enabled the production of these isoprenoids in the heterologous host systems like Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Both heterologous systems have been engineered for large-scale production of value-added isoprenoids. This review article will provide the detailed description of various approaches used for engineering of methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) and mevalonate (MVA) pathway for synthesizing isoprene units (C-5) and ultimate production of diverse isoprenoids. The review particularly highlighted the efforts taken for the production of C-5-C-20 isoprenoids by metabolic engineering techniques in E. coli and S. cerevisiae over a decade. The challenges and strategies are also discussed in detail for scale-up and engineering of isoprenoids in the heterologous host systems.</p>
},
	keywords = {Escherichia coli, Isoprenoids, Metabolic engineering, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, synthetic biology},
	issn = {0175-7598},
	doi = {10.1007/s00253-020-11040-w, Early Access Date = JAN 2021},
	author = {Navale, Govinda R. and Dharne, Mahesh S. and Shinde, Sandip S.}
}
@article {48401,
	title = {Glance at the chemodiversity of Ocimum species: Trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil},
	journal = {Phytochemistry Reviews},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2022},
	month = {JUN},
	pages = {879-913},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {<p>
	Ocimum species represent commercially important medicinal and aromatic plants. The essential oil biosynthesized by Ocimum species is enriched with specialized metabolites specifically, terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. Interestingly, various Ocimum species are known to exhibit diverse chemical profiles, and this chemical diversity has been at the center of many studies to identify commercially important chemotypes. Here, we present various chemotypes from the Ocimum species and emphasize trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil. Globally, many Ocimum species have been analyzed for their essential oil composition in over 50 countries. Asia represents the highest number of chemotypes, followed by Africa, South America, and Europe. Ocimum basilicum L. has been the most widespread and well-studied species, followed by O. gratissimum L., O. tenuiflorum L., O. canum Sims, O. americanum and O. kilimandscharicum Gurke. Moreover, various molecular reasons, benefits, adverse health effects and mechanisms behind this vast chemodiversity have been discussed. Different strategies of plant breeding, metabolic engineering, transgenic, and tissue-culture, along with anatomical modifications, are surveyed to enhance specific chemotypic profiles and essential oil yield in numerous Ocimum species. Consequently, chemical characterization of the essential oil obtained from Ocimum species has become indispensable for its proper utilization. The present chemodiversity knowledge from Ocimum species will help to exploit various applications in the industrial, agriculture, biopharmaceutical, and food sectors.</p>
},
	keywords = {Chemodiversity, Chemotype, Essential oil, Metabolic engineering, Ocimum, Specialized metabolites},
	issn = {1568-7767},
	doi = {10.1007/s11101-021-09767-z},
	author = {Gurav, Tanuja P. and Dholakia, Bhushan B. and Giri, Ashok P.}
}
