@article { ISI:000310257100019,
	title = {Alumina supported carbon composite material with exceptionally high defluoridation property from eggshell waste},
	journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},
	volume = {237},
	year = {2012},
	month = {OCT},
	pages = {161-169},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV},
	address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>A new alumina supported carbon composite material called {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}Eggshell Composite{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} (EC) was synthesized from eggshell waste as calcium source for selective fluoride adsorption from water. The effect of various synthesis parameters like eggshell (ES): Eggshell membrane (ESM) ratio, aluminium loading, mixing time and calcinations temperature to optimize the synthesis conditions for selective fluoride removal has been studied. It was observed that the synthesis parameters have significant influence on development of EC and in turn on fluoride removal capacity. EC synthesized was characterized for elemental composition, morphology, functionality and textural properties. Results showed that EC obtained from eggshell modified with alumina precursor is more selective and efficient for fluoride removal. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm were used to obtain ultimate fluoride removal capacity. The calcium and alumina species in EC shows synergistic effect in fluoride adsorption process. Fluoride sorption studies were carried out in synthetic, groundwater and wastewater. EC proved to be a potential, indigenous and economic adsorbent for fluoride removal. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Composite material, Eggshell, Eggshell membrane, Fluoride adsorption, Langmuir},
	issn = {0304-3894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.08.023},
	author = {Lunge, Sneha and Thakre, Dilip and Kamble, Sanjay and Labhsetwar, Nitin K. and Rayalu, Sadhana}
}
@article { ISI:000342525100047,
	title = {Preparation and characterization of porous fly ash/NiFe2O4 composite: promising adsorbent for the removal of congo red dye from aqueous solution},
	journal = {Materials Chemistry and Physics},
	volume = {148},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2014},
	month = {NOV},
	pages = {371-379},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA},
	address = {PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND},
	abstract = {<p>A series of fly ash/NiFe2O4 composites were prepared using fly ash and aqueous solutions of Ni, Fe nitrate salts and NaOH by co-precipitation followed by calcination method. The \% mass ratio of fly ash: NiFe2O4 was varied in the range of 0:100 to 100:0. Samples were characterized by powder XRD, SEM, FTIR and N-2 adsorption-desorption measurements. These samples were further evaluated for their adsorptive performance in removal of Congo red (CR) dye from an aqueous solution. In all the composites, spinel nickel ferrite phase was found to be capable to get anchored with the fly ash surface and exhibited more crystalline nature as compared to pure NiFe2O4 phase. The BET surface area and porous character of the composite were found to increase with the decrease in the contribution of the fly ash, reach to maximum and then decreases on further decrease in fly ash. The composite having \% mass ratio of fly ash: NiFe2O4 = 50:50 exhibited maximum CR adsorption from the aqueous solution on account of the higher BET surface area, more porous character, favorable condition for diffusion of dye molecules and combined effect of chemisorption and physisorption. Under optimum conditions, it has shown the recyclability with adsorption capacity of the magnitude 23.33 mg g(-1), which is much higher than individual fly ash, NiFe2O4 and other composites. The sorption data provided good fit with pseudo-second order kinetic model. The analyses of the adsorption data indicated that, the Langmuir model provides better correlation with the experimental data. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Adsorption, Composite material, Electron microscopy (SEM), Inorganic compounds, powder diffraction, Precipitation},
	issn = {0254-0584},
	doi = {10.1016/j.matchemphys.2014.07.057},
	author = {Sonar, Shilpa K. and Niphadkar, Prashant S. and Mayadevi, S. and Joshi, Praphulla N.}
}
