01884nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245014100055210006900196260008700265300001400352490000700366520086300373653003001236653002201266653001901288653001701307100001701324700002201341700002101363700002001384700002101404700001901425700001901444700001801463856012501481 2006 eng d a0011-389100aGenetic diversity analysis in Gaultheria fragrantissima wall. (Ericaceae) from the two biodiversity hotspots in India using ISSR markers0 aGenetic diversity analysis in Gaultheria fragrantissima wall Eri aC V RAMAN AVENUE, PO BOX 8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbCURRENT SCIENCE ASSNcDEC a1634-16400 v913 a

Our study involves Inter Simple Sequence Repeat markers to analyse genetic diversity of an undershrub, Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall. (Ericaceae) from two plant diversity hotspots in India, namely Western Ghats and Northeastern Himalayas. The plants from these two regions show no morphological differences but the total heterozygosity (H-T = 0.505) is high. Furthermore, the average heterozygosity of G. fragrantissima at WG (H-s = 0.433) is higher than that at NE region (H-s, = 0.231). Within population variance is higher (15.56 %) than among population variance (8.31 %) as seen in outcrossing plant species. Mantel's test shows a strong positive correlation between the genetic and geographic distances. The plants within WG show high gene flow, which may be enough to prevent genetic drift, however, the gene flow in NE population is very low.

10aGaultheria fragrantissima10aGenetic diversity10aheterozygosity10aISSR markers1 aApte, G., S.1 aBahulikar, R., A.1 aKulkarni, R., S.1 aLagu, Meena, D.1 aKulkarni, B., G.1 aSuresh, H., S.1 aRao, P., S. N.1 aGupta, V., S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/genetic-diversity-analysis-gaultheria-fragrantissima-wall-ericaceae-two-biodiversity-002251nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260008000241300001000321490000600331520145900337653002301796653002201819653001901841100001601860700002001876700002101896856012801917 2010 eng d a1614-294200aPhylogeographical studies in disjunct populations of symplocos laurina wall. using cytoplasmic PCR-RFLP approach0 aPhylogeographical studies in disjunct populations of symplocos l aTIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANYbSPRINGER HEIDELBERGcDEC a13-230 v63 a

Genetic variation, haplotype relationships, and potential regions of diversity in Symplocos laurina Wall. (Symplocaceae), a montane tree species from India, have been tested using molecular and biogeographical data to infer phylogeographic patterns. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was used to determine the chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) DNA haplotypes of 218 individuals from 12 populations, collected from Northeast India (NEI), which is a part of Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, and South India, which includes the Western Ghats (WG), another biodiversity hotspot from India and Eastern Ghats (EG). Nine cpDNA (chlorotypes) and 24 mtDNA haplotypes (mitotypes) were identified; the WG region was identified as the most diverse for chlorotypes and the NEI region for mitotypes. Although a strong population differentiation was observed, phylogeographic structure was found to be absent for both the genomes. The haplotype network revealed the presence of two main lineages: NEI-WG lineage and EG lineage, largely without overlapping distributions. The study tests two hypotheses, namely vicariance and dispersal, to understand the distribution of plants in India. The population structure of S. laurina strongly suggests the persistence of the species in putative refugial areas preglaciation and further establishment of other populations of S. laurina from these refugial populations.

10aCytoplasmic genome10aGenetic diversity10aPhylogeography1 aBanu, Sofia1 aLagu, Meena, D.1 aGupta, Vidya, S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/phylogeographical-studies-disjunct-populations-symplocos-laurina-wall-using-cytoplasmic-001927nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260007400230300001200304490000800316520107400324653000901398653002201407653001501429653001301444100001601457700002401473700002401497700002001521700001801541856012601559 2010 eng d a0016-670700aUnderstanding the genetic structure of symplocos laurina wall. populations using nuclear gene markers0 aUnderstanding the genetic structure of symplocos laurina wall po aVAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDSbSPRINGERcFEB a197-2100 v1383 a

To characterize the genetic diversity of present populations of Symplocos laurina, which grow in the montane forests in India, we analyzed the DNA sequences of a nuclear gene. Using the 881 bp sequence of cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene, we detected 24 haplotypes among 195 individuals sampled from 14 populations. Two dominant haplotypes were distributed over the entire range of this species in India and several private haplotypes were found. Low genetic diversity within population, high differentiation, number of population specific haplotypes and deviation from neutral evolution characterized the present populations of S. laurina. An analysis of molecular variance indicated the presence of geographic structure within the haplotype distribution. The occurrence of S. laurina preglaciation in India is the most parsimonious explanation for the current geographic structure observed. The populations are presumably ancient and might have spread across its extant distribution range in India through a recent range expansion event.

10aGapC10aGenetic diversity10aGlaciation10aRefugium1 aBanu, Sofia1 aBhagwat, Rasika, M.1 aKadoo, Narendra, Y.1 aLagu, Meena, D.1 aGupta, V., S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/understanding-genetic-structure-symplocos-laurina-wall-populations-using-nuclear-gene-002453nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245010500055210006900160260007400229300001400303490000800317520151000325653002601835653002201861653000901883653001601892653002201908100002401930700001601954700002601970700002401996700002002020700002102040856012602061 2014 eng d a0378-269700aEvaluation of genetic variability in Symplocos laurina Wall. from two biodiversity hotspots of India0 aEvaluation of genetic variability in Symplocos laurina Wall from aSACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIAbSPRINGER WIENcDEC a2239-22470 v3003 a

Symplocos laurina Wall., an important medicinal tree species, is one of the pioneering plants for establishment of shola forest ecosystem. We analyzed 208 accessions of S. laurina from 13 populations belonging to three ecoregions in India namely, Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats and Northeast India, to comment on the genetic diversity and population structure of the species. Of the 100 inter simple sequence repeat primers screened, eight were selected based on their clear and reproducible polymorphic patterns. These eight ISSR primers produced on an average 1,014 bands from 208 accessions, of which 6.58 % were rare bands, 55.96 % were shared bands and 37.46 % were similar bands. The primers, UBC835 and UBC880, amplified the highest number of polymorphic loci (16), while the primer UBC852 amplified the least number of amplicons (9). The values for total genetic diversity (H-T) and the average heterozygosity (H-S) were 0.3407 and 0.2263, respectively; while the coefficient of genetic differentiation (G(ST)) was 0.3358. Within-population variance was higher (68 %) than among-population variance (17 %), indicating high intra-population genetic diversity. These populations were grouped according to their geographical location in cluster analysis. Mantel test also showed significant positive correlation between genetic and geographical distances. The present study revealed the importance of the Palghat gap in South India in shaping the distribution of genetic diversity in S. laurina.

10aBiodiversity hotspots10aGenetic diversity10aISSR10aPalghat gap10aSymplocos laurina1 aBhagwat, Rasika, M.1 aBanu, Sofia1 aDholakia, Bhushan, B.1 aKadoo, Narendra, Y.1 aLagu, Meena, D.1 aGupta, Vidya, S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/evaluation-genetic-variability-symplocos-laurina-wall-two-biodiversity-hotspots-india-0