02044nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245006700055210006600122260000800188300001400196490000700210520132400217653002501541653001701566653002601583653002301609653001401632100002201646700002401668700002401692856009801716 2020 eng d a0006-308800aInsights of Bipolaris sorokinianasecretome-anin silicoapproach0 aInsights of Bipolaris sorokinianasecretomeanin silicoapproach cDEC a2367-23810 v753 a

The plant pathogen,Bipolaris sorokiniana(teleomorph:Cochliobolus sativus), is of global concern as it attacks many economically important cereals and grasses. During the infection process, phytopathogenic fungi are known to secrete a variety of proteins collectively known as the secretome, analyzing which can help in deciphering the mechanism of fungal pathogenesis. In this study, we performedin silicosecretome analysis ofC. sativusstrain ND90Pr using established secretome prediction pipeline involving software tools such as SignalP, TargetP, TMHMM, big-PI Fungal Predictor, ProtComp, and WoLF PSORT. Using these software and other prediction criteria, we identified 196 probable secretory proteins from theB. sorokinianaproteome. Characterization of the predicted secretome revealed proteins that may have probable functions in degradation of the plant cell wall, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, as well as in pathogenesis and metabolism. Further, the PHI-base analysis identified 38 proteins having a possible role in pathogenicity and virulence. This study helped to predict the composition of the secretome ofB. sorokinianaand extrapolate its role in plant infection and pathogen survival. It may provide clues for developing new control strategies targeting the vital fungal secretory proteins.

10aCochliobolus sativus10apathogenesis10aPhytopathogenic fungi10aSecretory proteins10aVirulence1 aPathak, Gauri, M.1 aGurjar, Gayatri, S.1 aKadoo, Narendra, Y. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/insights-bipolaris-sorokinianasecretome-anin-silicoapproach02462nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245019400055210006900249260000800318300000800326490000800334520156100342653002601903653001901929653001501948653002901963653001401992100001802006700001502024700002802039700002602067856012702093 2022 eng d a0302-893300aIsoeugenol affects expression pattern of conidial hydrophobin gene RodA and transcriptional regulators MedA and SomA responsible for adherence and biofilm formation in Aspergillus fumigatus0 aIsoeugenol affects expression pattern of conidial hydrophobin ge cAPR a2140 v2043 a

Aspergillus fumigatus is one of the major pathogenic fungal species, causing life-threatening infections. Due to a limited spectrum of available antifungals, exploration of new drug targets as well as potential antifungal molecules has become pertinent. Rodlet layer plays an important role in adherence of fungal conidia to hydrophobic cell surfaces in host, which also leads to A. fumigatus biofilm formation, contributing factor to fungal pathogenicity. From decades, natural sources have been known for the development of new active molecules. The present study investigates effect of isoeugenol on genes responsible for hydrophobins (RodA), adhesion as well as biofilm formation (MedA and SomA) of A. fumigatus. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC and IC50) of isoeugenol against A. fumigatus were determined using broth microdilution assay. The IC50 results showed reduced hydrophobicity and biofilm formation as well as eradication after treatment with the compound and electron micrograph data corroborated these findings. The qRT-PCR showed a significant downregulation of genes RodA, MedA, SomA and pksP involved in hydrophobicity and biofilm formation. SwissADME studies potentiated drug-like propensity for isoeugenol which formed four hydrogen bonds with low binding energy (- 4.54 kcal/mol) at the catalytic site of RodA protein studied via AutoDock4. Hence, the findings conclude that isoeugenol inhibits conidial hydrophobicity and biofilm formation of A. fumigatus and further investigations are warranted in this direction.

10aAspergillus fumigatus10aHydrophobicity10aIsoeugenol10aTranscription regulators10aVirulence1 aGupta, Lovely1 aSen, Pooja1 aBhattacharya, Asish, K.1 aVijayaraghavan, Pooja uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/isoeugenol-affects-expression-pattern-conidial-hydrophobin-gene-roda-and-transcriptional02990nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245018800055210006900243260000900312490000800321520198600329653002602315653002402341653001202365653001902377653002902396653001402425100001802439700001902457700002102476700002102497700001502518700002802533700002602561856012502587 2024 eng d a1364-507200aUnveiling the cell wall-targeting mechanisms and multifaceted virulence modulation by a eugenol glycoconjugate against aspergillus fumigatus: insights from in vitro and in ovo studies0 aUnveiling the cell walltargeting mechanisms and multifaceted vir cJAN 0 v1353 a

Aim The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the putative cell wall-associated targets of compound 6i, a glycoconjugate of eugenol, in Aspergillus fumigatus, while also evaluating its toxicity and assessing histopathologic alterations in the liver, heart, and kidney of compound 6i-treated embryos using an in ovo model.Method To achieve this aim, compound 6i was synthesized, and a series of biochemical assays were performed to determine its impact on the fungal cell wall. Additionally, quantitative real time-PCR and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analyses were conducted to investigate changes in gene and protein expression profiles associated with melanin biosynthesis, conidiation, siderophore production, transcriptional regulation of beta-glucan biosynthesis, and calcineurin activity in A. fumigatus.Results The experimental findings revealed that compound 6i exhibited notable antifungal activity against A. fumigatus by perturbing cell wall integrity, hindering ergosterol, glucan, and chitin biosynthesis, and inhibiting catalase production. Moreover, relative gene expression and proteomic analyses demonstrated that compound 6i exerted both downregulatory and upregulatory effects on several crucial genes and proteins involved in the aforementioned fungal processes. Furthermore, increased expression of oxidative stress-related proteins was observed in the presence of compound 6i. Notably, the glycoconjugate of eugenol did not elicit cytotoxicity in the liver, heart, and kidney of chick embryos.Conclusion The current investigation elucidated the multifaceted mechanisms by which compound 6i exerts its antifungal effects against A. fumigatus, primarily through targeting cell wall components and signaling pathways. These findings underscore the potential of the eugenol glycoconjugate as a promising antifungal candidate, warranting further exploration and development for combating A. fumigatus infections.

10aAspergillus fumigatus10acell wall integrity10aEugenol10aGlycoconjugate10aTranscription regulators10aVirulence1 aGupta, Lovely1 aVerma, Shalini1 aGoswami, Lakshmi1 aKamboj, Himanshu1 aSen, Pooja1 aBhattacharya, Asish, K.1 aVijayaraghavan, Pooja uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/unveiling-cell-wall-targeting-mechanisms-and-multifaceted-virulence-modulation-eugenol