01936nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245006000055210005700115260006800172300001400240490000800254520118200262653001801444653002301462653001301485653003301498653002301531100002101554700002101575700002401596856008601620 2009 eng d a0021-899500aReactive extrusion of poly(L-Lactic Acid) with glycidol0 aReactive extrusion of polyLLactic Acid with glycidol a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbJOHN WILEY & SONS INCcMAY a1391-13980 v1123 a

Glycidol modified polylactic acid (PLLA) polymers have been prepared by reactive extrusion. Influences of residence time and the concentration of glycidol on the extent of reaction with different weight average molecular weight (45,000, 65,000, and 100,000) PLLA's were studied. Structure-property relationship has been established by measuring molecular, mesoscopic, and macroscopic properties. Under reactive extrusion conditions glycidol reacted with the end groups of PLLA to initiate chain extension. Low-molecular weight PLLA reacted with glycidol faster than the medium molecular weight PLLA, whereas high-molecular weight PLLA did not show significant reactions. The glass transition temperature, melting temperature, crystallization temperature, and heat of fusion were measured for unmodified and modified PLLA's. Chain extended PLLA had higher T(g) and T(m) than the unmodified samples. Time sweep rheological experiments were performed to test the melt stability of PLLA. Chain extended PLLA's were found to retain viscoelastic properties for much longer time than the unreacted samples. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 112: 1391-1398, 2009

10abiodegradable10areactive extrusion10aRheology10astructure-property relations10aThermal properties1 aDeenadayalan, E.1 aLele, Ashish, K.1 aBalasubramanian, M. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/reactive-extrusion-polyl-lactic-acid-glycidol-002484nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245014500055210006900200260008500269300001200354490000700366520159100373653002101964653001801985653001102003653001902014653001302033100003402046700002402080700002002104856013002124 2011 eng d a0032-389600aDevelopment of non-woven nanofibers of egg albumen-poly (vinyl alcohol) blends: influence of solution properties on morphology of nanofibers0 aDevelopment of nonwoven nanofibers of egg albumenpoly vinyl alco a75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USAbNATURE PUBLISHING GROUPcJUL a654-6610 v433 a

Egg albumen (EA), a highly functional globular protein with desirable properties, is the least-explored material for biomaterial applications, although it is available in abundance. In our studies, we explored the viability of EA and various blends with biocompatible and non-toxic poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to produce nanofibers for biomedical applications. EA and PVA blends were prepared in various compositions. Electrospinning was used to fabricate non-woven nanofibers. Solution properties, such as viscosity and electrical conductivity, were evaluated for various prepared solutions. Solution viscosity increased with increasing polymer concentration. Solutions with higher contents of EA recorded increased conductivity, which decreased with increasing PVA content. The influence of solution properties on the morphological appearance of as-spun products was studied using scanning electron microscopy. Instead of nanofibers, nanoparticles and microparticles of EA were produced at even higher contents. In contrast, a gradual increase in the addition of PVA content to 8% EA solution resulted in the transformation of particles from large agglomerates to very fine fibers (approximate to 100nm in diameter) because of the influence of polymer content, viscosity and conductivity. The polymer-polymer interactions in the prepared materials have been validated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and gel electrophoresis. Polymer Journal (2011) 43, 654-661; doi:10.1038/pj.2011.34; published online 18 May 2011

10aBiocompatibility10abiodegradable10ablends10ananotechnology10aProteins1 aRathna, Gundloori, Venkata Na1 aJog, Jyoti, Prakash1 aGaikwad, A., B. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/development-non-woven-nanofibers-egg-albumen-poly-vinyl-alcohol-blends-influence-solution-002073nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245010100055210006900156260007600225300001200301490000800313520126200321653001401583653001801597653001801615653001501633653002701648100002601675700002401701856013001725 2011 eng d a0021-899500aSynthesis and characterization of bile acid-based poly beta amino esters for paclitaxel delivery0 aSynthesis and characterization of bile acidbased poly beta amino aCOMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcOCT a220-2320 v1223 a

New biodegradable poly beta amino esters were synthesized by the polymerization of Deoxycholic acid (DOCA) in all the structural planes by 1, 4 addition of Trimethylene dipiperidine (TMDP) to diacrylates of Deoxycholyl glycol, Methyl deoxycholate and Trimethylolpropane deoxycholate esters. H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR and IR studies confirmed presence of amine and Deoxycholyl units in polymers. XRD and TGA studies indicated that all the polymers were amorphous and thermostable up to 300 degrees C. DSC studies revealed glass transition temperature (T-g) in the range 70-80 degrees C. All the polymers degraded very slowly in the buffers of pH 1.1, 7.4 and 10 because of the hydrophobic nature of Deoxycholate units. These polymers also exhibited pH sensitivity due to the incorporation of amines along with Deoxycholate units in the backbone. P-Nitroaniline (PNA) release followed anomalous release kinetics. Paclitaxel (PTX) loaded nanospheres prepared from these polymers were spherical and uniform in the size range 75-250 nm and 0.4-1 mu depending upon the method of preparation. PTX loading was in the range 60-90%, while release (up to 20-60%) was sustained over a period of 100 h. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 220-232, 2011

10abile acid10abiodegradable10aNanoparticles10aPaclitaxel10apoly beta amino esters1 aGangwal, Jitendra, J.1 aKulkarni, Mohan, G. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-characterization-bile-acid-based-poly-beta-amino-esters-paclitaxel-delivery-002095nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245020100055210006900256260006700325490000800392520112200400653001801522653001501540653003801555653002601593653003201619100002201651700002401673700002301697700002501720856012001745 2016 eng d a0021-899500aSynthesis and characterization of well-defined random and block copolymers of epsilon-caprolactone with l-lactide as an additive for toughening polylactide: Influence of the molecular architecture0 aSynthesis and characterization of welldefined random and block c a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcAPR0 v1333 a

Well-defined multiarmed star random and block copolymers of epsilon-caprolactone with l-lactide with controlled molecular weights, low polydispersities, and precise numbers of arms were synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization of respective cyclic ester monomers. The polymers were characterized by H-1-NMR and C-13-NMR to determine their chemical composition, molecular structure, degree of randomness, and proof of block copolymer formation. Gel permeation chromatography was used to establish the degree of branching. Star-branched random copolymers exhibited lower glass-transition temperatures (T-g's) compared to a linear random copolymer. When the star random copolymers were melt-blended with poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA), we observed that the elongation of the blend increased with the number of arms of the copolymer. Six-armed block copolymers, which exhibited higher T-g's, caused the maximum improvement in elongation. In all cases, improvements in the elongation were achieved with no loss of stiffness in the PLA blends. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43267.

10abiodegradable10acopolymers10adifferential scanning calorimetry10amechanical properties10aring-opening polymerization1 aDeokar, Megha, D.1 aIdage, Susheela, B.1 aIdage, Bhaskar, B.1 aSivaram, Swaminathan uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-characterization-well-defined-random-and-block-copolymers-epsilon-002320nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245005900055210005800114260000800172300001400180490000800194520161100202653001801813653001801831653001801849653001301867653002501880653002001905100002001925700002101945700002001966856009201986 2019 eng d a1364-507200aPolylactic acid: synthesis and biomedical applications0 aPolylactic acid synthesis and biomedical applications cDEC a1612-16260 v1273 a

Social and economic development has driven considerable scientific and engineering efforts on the discovery, development and utilization of polymers. Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most promising biopolymers as it can be produced from nontoxic renewable feedstock. PLA has emerged as an important polymeric material for biomedical applications on account of its properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical strength and process ability. Lactic acid (LA) can be obtained by fermentation of sugars derived from renewable resources such as corn and sugarcane. PLA is thus an eco-friendly nontoxic polymer with features that permit use in the human body. Although PLA has a wide spectrum of applications, there are certain limitations such as slow degradation rate, hydrophobicity and low impact toughness associated with its use. Blending PLA with other polymers offers convenient options to improve associated properties or to generate novel PLA polymers/blends for target applications. A variety of PLA blends have been explored for various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, implants, sutures and tissue engineering. PLA and their copolymers are becoming widely used in tissue engineering for function restoration of impaired tissues due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. The relationship between PLA material properties, manufacturing processes and development of products with desirable characteristics is described in this article. LA production, PLA synthesis and their applications in the biomedical field are also discussed.

10aBiocompatible10abiodegradable10adrug delivery10aimplants10al- and d-lactic acid10apolylactic acid1 aSinghvi, M., S.1 aZinjarde, S., S.1 aGokhale, D., V. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/polylactic-acid-synthesis-and-biomedical-applications03030nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245012300055210006900178260000800247300001100255490000800266520207100274653001802345653002302363653001502386653002002401653001402421653002302435100002502458700001702483700002202500700001902522700002202541700002802563700001802591856013102609 2020 eng d a0928-493100aPoly (vinylpyrrolidone)-iodine engineered poly (epsilon-caprolactone) nanofibers as potential wound dressing materials0 aPoly vinylpyrrolidoneiodine engineered poly epsiloncaprolactone  cMAY a1107310 v1103 a

Facilitating the process of wound healing and effective treatment of wounds remains a serious challenge in healthcare. Wound dressing materials play a major role in the protection of wounds and in accelerating the natural healing process. In the present study, novel core/shell (c/s) nanofibrous mats of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-iodine (PVPI) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were fabricated using a co-axial electrospinning process followed by their surface modification with poly-L-lysine. The developed nanofibrous mats were extensively characterized for their physicochemical properties using various analytical techniques. The core/shell structure of the PVP-I/PCL nanofibers was confirmed using TEM analysis. The PVP-I release studies showed an initial burst phase followed by a sustained release pattern of PVP-I over a period of 30 days. The developed nanofibers exhibited higher BSA and fibrinogen adsorption as compared to pristine PCL. Cytotoxicity studies using MTT assay demonstrated that the PVP-I/PCL (c/s) nanofibers were cytocompatible at optimized PVP-I concentration (3 wt%). The PCL-poly-L-lysine and PVP-I/PCL-poly-L-lysine nanofibers exhibited higher cell viability (24.2% and 21.4% higher at day 7) when compared to uncoated PCL and PVP-I/PCL nanofibers. The PVP-I/PCL nanofibers showed excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria. The inflammatory response of Mouse RAW 264.7 macrophage cells towards the nanofibers was studied using RTPCR. It revealed that the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta) were significantly upregulated on PCL nanofibers, while their expression was comparatively lower on poly-L-lysine coated PCL or PVP-I/PCL(c/s) nanofibers. Overall, the study highlights the ability of poly-L-lysine coated PVP-I/PCL (c/s) nanofibers as potential wound dressing materials effectively facilitating the early stage wound healing and repair process by virtue of their selective modulation of inflammation, cell adhesion and antimicrobial properties.

10abiodegradable10aControlled release10aCore/shell10aelectrospinning10ascaffolds10atissue engineering1 aShitole, Ajinkya, A.1 aRaut, Piyush1 aGiram, Prabhanjan1 aRade, Priyanka1 aKhandwekar, Anand1 aGarnaik, Baijayantimala1 aSharma, Neeti uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/poly-vinylpyrrolidone-iodine-engineered-poly-epsilon-caprolactone-nanofibers-potential-wound02399nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245007800055210006900133260000900202300001100211490000800222520147300230653001101703653001801714653001101732653002001743100001601763700003001779700001901809700002001828700002401848700001901872700002201891700003201913700003101945700001801976856010301994 2022 eng d a0021-899500aNovel lignin as natural-biodegradable binder for various sectors-A review0 aNovel lignin as naturalbiodegradable binder for various sectorsA cAPR  ae519510 v1393 aLignin functions as an essential polymer in plants that forms the plant body's structural framework. The natural glue holds the cellulosic fibers together in the plant body, thereby providing rigidity and strength. Despite this, lignin shows promising relevance for biomaterial production due to its abundance, nontoxic nature and biodegradability. Considerably, adhesive components were derived from petroleum, which is increasingly more expensive. Hence, lignin, the natural glue in plant materials, gained much popularity because of its phenolic nature, making it an attractive substitute for adhesives. Lignin-based binders are produced through phenols substitution in phenol-formaldehyde resins with lignin due to their similar structural framework. Many researchers have confirmed the multifunctional applications of lignin, such as wood adhesive in fiber board, plywood and particleboard, a binder in printed wiring boards, abrasive tools, epoxy asphalts, epoxy wood composites, 3D printing, adhesive hydrogels, soil suppressants, lignocellulosic paper and coatings. This review presents a comprehensive description of the utilization of lignin-based binders for different applications. The present work highlights the discussion on the various methods by which lignin can be used to replace synthetic binders. This review focuses on global research work introducing lignin in different chemical adhesives for a more cost-effective and less harmful alternative.10abinder10abiodegradable10alignin10amultifunctional1 aMili, Medha1 aHashmi, Sayed, Azhar Rash1 aAther, Madeeha1 aHada, Vaishnavi1 aMarkandeya, Nishant1 aKamble, Sanjay1 aMohapatra, Mamata1 aRathore, Sanjai, Kumar Sing1 aSrivastava, Avanish, Kumar1 aVerma, Sarika uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-lignin-natural-biodegradable-binder-various-sectors-review