02020nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245008900055210006900144260000800213300001200221490000700233520126300240653001401503653001501517653001801532653001301550100001701563700001701580700001501597700003101612700002101643856011401664 2019 eng d a1751-616100aInfluence of nanocellulose on mechanics and morphology of polyvinyl alcohol xerogels0 aInfluence of nanocellulose on mechanics and morphology of polyvi cFEB a275-2830 v903 a

Xerogels are porous networks of crosslinked polymers that are useful for biomedical applications such as drug delivery, scaffold engineering, tissue regeneration, cell culture and wound dressing. However, inferior mechanical properties curtail their applications to a considerable extent. Nanocellulose fibers and crystals are often added into the polymer matrix to improve their mechanical strength. Here, nanocellulose in the mass ratios of 7%, 13% and 18% are loaded into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix followed by thermo-morpho-mechanical characterization. With increase in nanocellulose content, thermal degradation occurs at a lower temperature. It is observed that addition of higher quantity of nanocellulose crystals leads to the formation of weak cellulose rich regions causing xerogel rupture. This is predominantly observed for xerogel loaded with 18% nanocellulose crystals. Similarly, addition of higher quantity of nanocellulose fibers increase brittleness of the xerogels causing fracture. This is predominantly observed for xerogel loaded with 18% nanocellulose fibers. Creep strain and stress relaxation is observed to decrease with addition of nanocellulose loading owing to molecular chain restriction and polymer chain immobility.

10aMechanics10aMorphology10aNanocellulose10aXerogels1 aPramanik, R.1 aGanivada, B.1 aRam, Farsa1 aShanmuganathan, Kadhiravan1 aArockiarajan, A. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/influence-nanocellulose-mechanics-and-morphology-polyvinyl-alcohol-xerogels02018nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245009000055210006900145260000800214300001400222490000700236520121900243653001601462653001801478653001501496653003701511653001801548653002601566100001901592700001701611700003101628856011701659 2020 eng d a0032-388800aEnhancing the mechanical properties of 3D printed polylactic acid using nanocellulose0 aEnhancing the mechanical properties of 3D printed polylactic aci cAUG a1842-18550 v603 a

We report here a systematic investigation of the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) processed by fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing vs PLA processed by compression molding. Our results show that the tensile strength and modulus of FFF-PLA is 49% and 41% lower, respectively, than compression molded samples of PLA. We also demonstrate here an approach to augment the mechanical properties of 3D printed PLA using nanocellulose. Incorporation of a small quantity (1 wt%) of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) was found to enhance the tensile strength and modulus of 3D printed PLA by 84% and 63%, respectively. X-ray microtomography was used to probe the morphology of 3D printed PLA and PLA/CNF composites. 3D printed PLA/CNF composites had significantly lesser voids as compared to neat 3D printed PLA. Differential scanning calorimetry study revealed that CNF can accelerate the nucleation and crystallization of 3D printed PLA leading to enhanced crystallinity. The thermal stability of 3D printed PLA/CNF composites was not compromised by the addition of CNF. The enhanced mechanical properties of 3D printed PLA/CNF composites can be ascribed to higher crystallinity and lesser defects.

10a3D printing10aBiocomposites10acomposites10afused filament fabrication (FFF)10aNanocellulose10apolylactic acid (PLA)1 aAmbone, Tushar1 aTorris, Arun1 aShanmuganathan, Kadhiravan uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/enhancing-mechanical-properties-3d-printed-polylactic-acid-using-nanocellulose02475nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245012400055210006900179260000800248300001100256490000800267520158800275653001101863653002001874653001401894653001501908653001801923653000901941100001501950700001601965700001701981700002201998700003102020700002102051856012502072 2020 eng d a0925-838800aPVDF/BaTiO3 films with nanocellulose impregnation: investigation of structural, morphological and mechanical properties0 aPVDFBaTiO3 films with nanocellulose impregnation investigation o cMAY a1537010 v8233 a

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite films have witnessed widespread applications in biomedical and flexible electronic devices in recent years. These applications require a material that has enhanced electrical properties, mechanical flexibility along with sufficient strength. A lot of research has been carried out to enhance the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the PVDF composite films. However, the improvements in the mechanical properties of nano filler reinforced PVDF composite films has not received due attention. In this regard, the present work focuses towards enhancing the mechanical strength and load-bearing capability of PVDF, by preparing composites of PVDF films impregnated with Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) and Barium Titanate (BTO) nanoparticles. Solution casting method was adapted to fabricate the PVDF/BTO/CNC films. X-ray diffractograms and FTIR (Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy) corroborate the presence of ferroelectric gamma phase in PVDF. Mechanical and viscoelastic measurements have been carried out to examine the influence of CNC and BTO nano fillers in the PVDF matrix. The addition of CNC and BTO in PVDF film has improved the mechanical strength significantly. The stress achieved for PVDF/5% BTO and PVDF/5% BTO with 0.9% of CNC at 5% strain was 17% and 130% higher than the pristine PVDF, respectively. This study can be helpful for the design engineers to meet custom/specific requirements for a myriad of end- user applications such as piezoelectric nanogenerators. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aBaTiO310aComposite films10aMechanics10aMorphology10aNanocellulose10aPVDF1 aRam, Farsa1 aKaviraj, P.1 aPramanik, R.1 aKrishnan, Amrutha1 aShanmuganathan, Kadhiravan1 aArockiarajan, A. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/pvdfbatio3-films-nanocellulose-impregnation-investigation-structural-morphological-and02308nas a2200313 4500008004100000022001400041245009600055210006900151260000800220300001400228490000700242520130500249653001601554653001401570653001701584653001801601653002201619653001401641100003101655700002001686700002601706700001701732700002301749700001901772700002001791700002901811700003101840856012301871 2023 eng d a0032-388800aLuminescent 3D printed poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical properties0 aLuminescent 3D printed polylactic acid nanocomposites with enhan cJUL a2059-20720 v633 a

The three-dimensional (3D) printing of functional composite materials has gained tremendous interest in recent years. Nevertheless, research on 3D printing of luminescent composite materials is very limited, and the mechanical properties of such 3D-printed composites are poor. Herein, we report the preparation and characterization of a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composite that, when 3D printed, exhibits enhanced toughness and high solid-state fluorescence quantum yield. Incorporation of only 1 wt% pyrene butyric acid modified cellulose nanofibers (PBA-m-CNF) and l0 wt% thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) into PLA led to 223% increase in toughness and 21% increase in tensile modulus of PLA. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray microcomputed tomography (mu-CT) analysis of the fractured cross-sections of 3D printed composites revealed a ductile failure mode. The PLA/PBA-m-CNF1/TPU10 3D printed composite also exhibited a high solid-state fluorescence quantum yield of 38.35%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to show both enhanced mechanical properties and high solid-state fluorescence emission for 3D printable PLA. Such functional PLA composites could have potential applications in the fabrication of complex-shaped sensors, optical light pipes, etc.

10a3D printing10aComposite10afluorescence10aNanocellulose10apoly(lactic acid)10atoughness1 aKothavade, Premkumar, Anil1 aYadav, Prashant1 aNidhankar, Aakash, D.1 aTorris, Arun1 aPol, Harshawardhan1 aKafi, Abdullah1 aBateman, Stuart1 aSukumaran, Santosh, Babu1 aShanmuganathan, Kadhiravan uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/luminescent-3d-printed-polylactic-acid-nanocomposites-enhanced-mechanical-properties02339nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260000800241300001100249490000800260520142700268653002501695653001801720653002201738100001701760700001701777700002001794700002001814700002301834700003701857700002101894700002701915856013101942 2025 eng d a0141-813000aExtraction of highly crystalline and thermally stable cellulose nanofiber from Heliconia psittacorum L.f. leaves0 aExtraction of highly crystalline and thermally stable cellulose  cMAY a1422640 v3083 a

Extracting cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from agro-waste is one of the promising and practical ways to develop sustainable nanocomposites. In this study, cellulose nanofibers were extracted from the leaves of Heliconia psittacorum for the first time. The combination of oxalic acid hydrolysis (5 wt%) and steam explosion was used for the isolation of CNF from the leaves of Heliconia psittacorum. The structural and chemical features of the prepared CNF were analyzed using various techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Solid state 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (13C NMR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X ray analysis (EDX), Transmission electron Microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TEM micrographs reported 15 to 40 nm diameter for the nanofibers synthesized. XRD analysis reported 91 % crystallinity index for CNF, whereas that of the untreated sample was 76 %. The maximum degradation of the CNF is reported at 355 degrees C, exceeds the untreated sample (316 degrees C). The tensile strength of the CNF derived paper was found to be 23 MPa. The recovered nanocellulose can be further utilized for various applications such as the automobile industry for developing lightweight parts, biosensors, super capacitors, absorption of greenhouse gases, wastewater treatment, and packaging applications.

10abiomass valorization10aNanocellulose10aWaste to resource1 aPaul, Sharon1 aJoseph, Anto1 aHridhya, P., D.1 aBadawi, Michael1 aAjithkumar, T., G.1 aParameswaranpillai, Jyotishkumar1 aAsrofi, Mochamad1 aDominic, C., D. Midhun uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/extraction-highly-crystalline-and-thermally-stable-cellulose-nanofiber-heliconia-psittacorum02336nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245011100055210006900166260000800235300001100243490000800254520149500262653002601757653001701783653001101800653001801811653001801829653002701847100002201874700001801896700002501914700001801939856012501957 2025 eng d a0141-813000aNanocellulose-doped superabsorbent polymer for improved absorption properties in sanitary pad applications0 aNanocellulosedoped superabsorbent polymer for improved absorptio cMAY a1419530 v3073 a

An important disposable hygienic absorbent is the female sanitary napkin wherein superabsorbent polymers (SAP) are incorporated into it to increase the absorption capacity. Nevertheless, it has been discovered that SAPs have negative consequences on the environment and the user's health. The present study explores doping nanocellulose, into an acrylic acid-based SAP matrix to enhance absorption performance, leveraging nanocellulose's high surface area and hydrophilicity. Different SAP-nanocellulose compositions were tested, and characterizations like Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed the successful incorporation of nanocellulose into the SAP structure. Performance tests showed enhanced absorption properties in SAPs doped with nanocellulose compared to unmodified SAPs. The 70-30 composition significantly outperformed unmodified SAP (100-0). Free absorbency was highest for unmodified SAP, while 70-30 almost equaled in equilibrium absorbency in distilled water, but excelled in saline, simulated, and animal blood. Schott's pseudo-second-order model and Fickian diffusion were used to identify the kinetic swelling of SAP. For absorption under load, 70-30 attained 28.7 g/g in saline, a 28.91 % increase over unmodified SAP. In CRC, 70-30 exceeded unmodified SAP by 37 % in saline and 53 % in simulated blood demonstrating enhanced stability and absorbency.

10aAbsorption properties10aAnimal blood10aDoping10aNanocellulose10aSanitary pads10aSuperabsorbent polymer1 aMandava, Srimukhi1 aNagar, Harsha1 aKumar, D., B. Rohini1 aAniya, Vineet uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/nanocellulose-doped-superabsorbent-polymer-improved-absorption-properties-sanitary-pad